This research was conducted with the purpose of studying the structural model of the relationships of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION with organizational commitment, turnover, job satisfaction and deviant behaviors. Research method was correlation and the statistical population were male employees of an industrial company in Shiraz city, from among which 300 employees were selected using convenience sampling. Assessment instruments consisted of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION Questionnaire (Tekleab etal, 2005), Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (Speier & Vankatesh, 2002), Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (Spector, 1985), Turnover Questionnaire (Tekleab etal, 2005) and Deviant Behavior Questionnaire (Bennett & Robinson, 2000). Data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, structure equation modeling (SEM) and mediation analysis. Findings showed that PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION explained 7.1 percent of organizational commitment variance, organizational commitment and job satisfaction explained 16.7 percent of turnover variance, organizational commitment explained 20.3 percent of job satisfaction variance and turnover explained 4.3 percent of deviant behavior variance. Mediation analysis showed that organizational commitment played the complete mediator variable in the relation of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION with job satisfaction and job satisfaction was the partial mediator variable in the relation of organizational commitment with turnover. Finally with regard to the limitation of generalization of current research results it is suggested to industrial organizations that they should not violate their obligations to employees in anyway.

Background and Objective Emotional exhaustion is a PSYCHOLOGICAL state which can have many detrimental outcomes for employees and organizations. Evaluating the moderating role of gender, this study analyzes the effect of procedural justice on emotional exhaustion directly through the mediating role of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION. Methodology This is an applied-descriptive survey, in which the statistical population included the employees working at public offices of Shiraz. The random sampling method was employed to select 111 individuals as the statistical sample. A questionnaire was used for data collection, and the structural equation sampling (SEM) technique was utilized for data analysis. Findings The negative effect of procedural justice on emotional exhaustion was not confirmed; however, its negative effect on PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION was confirmed. Moreover, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION had a positive effect on emotional exhaustion; however, procedural justice had no mediation effect on emotional exhaustion. In addition, gender moderated the effect of procedural justice on emotional exhaustion. Conclusion Managerial commitment to PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACTs and compliance with justice in interactions with employees can decrease the probability of emerging detrimental PSYCHOLOGICAL states such as emotional exhaustion. It is also necessary to consider differences of expectations and PSYCHOLOGICAL conditions of employees of different genders in this context.

The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of bullying in the workplace on organizational silence with respect to the mediating role of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study consists of 385 employees of Fatemieh and Bahar hospitals in Shahroud city, of which 193 people were selected as a statistical sample. The data of this study were collected through standard questionnaires and stratified-random method and after confirming the validity and reliability by SPSS and smartpls3 software were analyzed. Findings showed that perceived bullying in the workplace has a significant effect on organizational silence (Y: 0. 408; T: 6. 349) and VIOLATION of employees' PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT (Y: 0. 699; T: 14. 124). The results also showed that the VIOLATION of the PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT as a mediating variable has a relative and significant role in the effect of perceived bullying in the workplace on organizational silence. In other words, organizational bullying has a significant direct and indirect effect on organizational silence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION on positive word of mouth intention in online shopping by application or website. This research, in terms of goal, is an applied research and in terms of data collection method is descriptive. In order to gather information in this research, library and field method and a standardized questionnaire were used. The statistical population is the customers of Digikala’ s company, and the sample of this study consists of 300 customers of the online shopping website or application of Digikala in Tehran, which was selected by simple random sampling method. The test of research hypotheses was assessed by means of structural equation modeling using Listel software. The results of this research indicate the negative impact of the PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION on the positive word of mouth via making negative impact on service quality and perceived value among the customers. Also, the role of the mediating personalization has been confirmed. Finally, based on the results, as suggestions to company’ s managers which offering online products and services, in order to improve the level of positive word of mouth intention in their customers, they should consider stuff which may create PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION, because this problem may effect on their service quality and perceived value.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employees' deviant workplace behaviors in governmental organizations of Lorestan province, when the PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION has been considered as a mediating role. The statistical population of the study was 1317 employees of general staff of Lorestan province based in Khorramabad city. According to the Morgan table, a sample size of 297 was selected by stratified random sampling. In order to measure the variables of the research, the (Shu, Chiang and Lu’ s, 2018) Authoritarian Leadership Questionnaire, (Morrison and Robinson’ s, 2000), PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION Questionnaire and the (Bennett and Robinson’ s, 2000) Deviant Workplace Behaviors Questionnaire were used. For data analysis, structural equations modeling and Amos software have been used. Also, the Sobel test with the VIF statistic indicating the severity of the indirect effect through the mediator variable was used to evaluate the effect of the mediator variable. The results of the research show that authoritarian leadership has a positive and significant relationship with deviant behaviors and PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION directly, also The results showed that PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACTs VIOLATION mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employee deviant behaviors.

Civil liability is one of the most important issues in all occupations. Meanwhile, due to the fact that medical profession is related to the physical and mental condition of individuals from one perspective, and on the other hand, a part of medical obligations has moral aspects and public conscience, the importance of this issue in medical profession is doubled. This issue has not been neglected in the knowledge of jurisprudence and in the basics of Shiite jurisprudence, there are two views regarding the responsibility of the physician with the phrase "doctor's guarantee". Some jurists consider a skilled and knowledgeable physician as a guarantor despite his innocence, but others believe that in this case the doctor is not a guarantor and their reason is based on innocence principle. In this qualitative article, using descriptive-analytical method and with collecting information in the form of libraries and documents, jurisprudential and legal views on civil liability of physicians and guaranteeing the disciplinary, criminal and legal implementation of medical VIOLATIONs will be examined. One of the most important results of this research is that in Islam, the goodwill of the doctor has been mentioned and the doctor intends to cure the patient, and if he makes an unintentional mistake, although he may be morally responsible, he is not responsible for compensation, because the emphasis of the Holy Quran in the words "and we are the best of the best" and "is the retalition of the best anything but the best" is a testimony to the subject of good faith and intention of the doctor. There is a difference of opinion among the jurists regarding the responsibility of the physician, and the Islamic Penal Code has accepted the basis of the physician's guilt, even if this presumption is contrary and can be proven otherwise.